gtsam/gtsam/linear/VectorValues.h

390 lines
14 KiB
C++

/* ----------------------------------------------------------------------------
* GTSAM Copyright 2010, Georgia Tech Research Corporation,
* Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0415
* All Rights Reserved
* Authors: Frank Dellaert, et al. (see THANKS for the full author list)
* See LICENSE for the license information
* -------------------------------------------------------------------------- */
/**
* @file VectorValues.h
* @brief Factor Graph Values
* @author Richard Roberts
*/
#pragma once
#include <gtsam/linear/Scatter.h>
#include <gtsam/inference/Ordering.h>
#include <gtsam/base/Vector.h>
#include <gtsam/base/ConcurrentMap.h>
#include <gtsam/base/FastVector.h>
#include <gtsam/global_includes.h>
#include <memory>
#include <map>
#include <string>
#include <iosfwd>
namespace gtsam {
/**
* VectorValues represents a collection of vector-valued variables associated
* each with a unique integer index. It is typically used to store the variables
* of a GaussianFactorGraph. Optimizing a GaussianFactorGraph or GaussianBayesNet
* returns this class.
*
* For basic usage, such as receiving a linear solution from gtsam solving functions,
* or creating this class in unit tests and examples where speed is not important,
* you can use a simple interface:
* - The default constructor VectorValues() to create this class
* - insert(Key, const Vector&) to add vector variables
* - operator[](Key) for read and write access to stored variables
* - \ref exists (Key) to check if a variable is present
* - Other facilities like iterators, size(), dim(), etc.
*
* Example:
* \code
VectorValues values;
values.emplace(3, Vector3(1.0, 2.0, 3.0));
values.emplace(4, Vector2(4.0, 5.0));
values.emplace(0, (Vector(4) << 6.0, 7.0, 8.0, 9.0).finished());
// Prints [ 3.0 4.0 ]
gtsam::print(values[1]);
// Prints [ 8.0 9.0 ]
values[1] = Vector2(8.0, 9.0);
gtsam::print(values[1]);
\endcode
*
* <h2>Advanced Interface and Performance Information</h2>
*
* Access is through the variable Key j, and returns a SubVector,
* which is a view on the underlying data structure.
*
* This class is additionally used in gradient descent and dog leg to store the gradient.
* @ingroup linear
*/
class GTSAM_EXPORT VectorValues {
protected:
typedef VectorValues This;
typedef ConcurrentMap<Key, Vector> Values; ///< Collection of Vectors making up a VectorValues
Values values_; ///< Vectors making up this VectorValues
/** Sort by key (primarily for use with TBB, which uses an unordered map)*/
std::map<Key, Vector> sorted() const;
public:
typedef Values::iterator iterator; ///< Iterator over vector values
typedef Values::const_iterator const_iterator; ///< Const iterator over vector values
typedef std::shared_ptr<This> shared_ptr; ///< shared_ptr to this class
typedef Values::value_type value_type; ///< Typedef to pair<Key, Vector>
typedef value_type KeyValuePair; ///< Typedef to pair<Key, Vector>
typedef std::map<Key, size_t> Dims; ///< Keyed vector dimensions
/// @name Standard Constructors
/// @{
/// Default constructor creates an empty VectorValues.
VectorValues() {}
/// Construct from initializer list.
VectorValues(std::initializer_list<std::pair<Key, Vector>> init)
: values_(init.begin(), init.end()) {}
/** Merge two VectorValues into one, this is more efficient than inserting
* elements one by one. */
VectorValues(const VectorValues& first, const VectorValues& second);
/** Create from another container holding pair<Key,Vector>. */
template<class CONTAINER>
explicit VectorValues(const CONTAINER& c) : values_(c.begin(), c.end()) {}
/** Implicit copy constructor to specialize the explicit constructor from any container. */
VectorValues(const VectorValues& c) : values_(c.values_) {}
/** Create from a pair of iterators over pair<Key,Vector>. */
template<typename ITERATOR>
VectorValues(ITERATOR first, ITERATOR last) : values_(first, last) {}
/// Constructor from Vector, with Dims
VectorValues(const Vector& c, const Dims& dims);
/// Constructor from Vector, with Scatter
VectorValues(const Vector& c, const Scatter& scatter);
/** Create a VectorValues with the same structure as \c other, but filled with zeros. */
static VectorValues Zero(const VectorValues& other);
/// @}
/// @name Standard Interface
/// @{
/** Number of variables stored. */
size_t size() const { return values_.size(); }
/** Return the dimension of variable \c j. */
size_t dim(Key j) const { return at(j).rows(); }
/** Check whether a variable with key \c j exists. */
bool exists(Key j) const { return find(j) != end(); }
/**
* Read/write access to the vector value with key \c j, throws
* std::out_of_range if \c j does not exist, identical to operator[](Key).
*/
Vector& at(Key j) {
iterator item = find(j);
if (item == end())
throw std::out_of_range(
"Requested variable '" + DefaultKeyFormatter(j) + "' is not in this VectorValues.");
else
return item->second;
}
/**
* Access the vector value with key \c j (const version), throws
* std::out_of_range if \c j does not exist, identical to operator[](Key).
*/
const Vector& at(Key j) const {
const_iterator item = find(j);
if (item == end())
throw std::out_of_range(
"Requested variable '" + DefaultKeyFormatter(j) + "' is not in this VectorValues.");
else
return item->second;
}
/** Read/write access to the vector value with key \c j, throws std::out_of_range if \c j does
* not exist, identical to at(Key). */
Vector& operator[](Key j) { return at(j); }
/** Access the vector value with key \c j (const version), throws std::out_of_range if \c j does
* not exist, identical to at(Key). */
const Vector& operator[](Key j) const { return at(j); }
/** For all key/value pairs in \c values, replace values with corresponding keys in this class
* with those in \c values. Throws std::out_of_range if any keys in \c values are not present
* in this class. */
VectorValues& update(const VectorValues& values);
/** Insert a vector \c value with key \c j. Throws an invalid_argument exception if the key \c
* j is already used.
* @param value The vector to be inserted.
* @param j The index with which the value will be associated. */
iterator insert(const std::pair<Key, Vector>& key_value);
/** Emplace a vector \c value with key \c j. Throws an invalid_argument exception if the key \c
* j is already used.
* @param value The vector to be inserted.
* @param j The index with which the value will be associated. */
template<class... Args>
inline std::pair<VectorValues::iterator, bool> emplace(Key j, Args&&... args) {
#if ! defined(GTSAM_USE_TBB) || defined (TBB_GREATER_EQUAL_2020)
return values_.emplace(std::piecewise_construct, std::forward_as_tuple(j), std::forward_as_tuple(args...));
#else
return values_.insert({j, Vector(std::forward<Args>(args)...)});
#endif
}
/** Insert a vector \c value with key \c j. Throws an invalid_argument exception if the key \c
* j is already used.
* @param value The vector to be inserted.
* @param j The index with which the value will be associated. */
iterator insert(Key j, const Vector& value) {
return insert({j, value});
}
/** Insert all values from \c values. Throws an invalid_argument exception if any keys to be
* inserted are already used. */
VectorValues& insert(const VectorValues& values);
/** insert that mimics the STL map insert - if the value already exists, the map is not modified
* and an iterator to the existing value is returned, along with 'false'. If the value did not
* exist, it is inserted and an iterator pointing to the new element, along with 'true', is
* returned. */
inline std::pair<iterator, bool> tryInsert(Key j, const Vector& value) {
#ifdef TBB_GREATER_EQUAL_2020
return values_.emplace(j, value);
#else
return values_.insert({j, value});
#endif
}
/// insert_or_assign that mimics the STL map insert_or_assign - if the value already exists, the
/// map is updated, otherwise a new value is inserted at j.
void insert_or_assign(Key j, const Vector& value) {
if (!tryInsert(j, value).second) {
(*this)[j] = value;
}
}
/** Erase the vector with the given key, or throw std::out_of_range if it does not exist */
void erase(Key var) {
if (values_.unsafe_erase(var) == 0)
throw std::invalid_argument("Requested variable '" +
DefaultKeyFormatter(var) +
"', is not in this VectorValues.");
}
/** Set all values to zero vectors. */
void setZero();
iterator begin() { return values_.begin(); } ///< Iterator over variables
const_iterator begin() const { return values_.begin(); } ///< Iterator over variables
iterator end() { return values_.end(); } ///< Iterator over variables
const_iterator end() const { return values_.end(); } ///< Iterator over variables
/**
* Return the iterator corresponding to the requested key, or end() if no
* variable is present with this key.
*/
iterator find(Key j) { return values_.find(j); }
/**
* Return the iterator corresponding to the requested key, or end() if no
* variable is present with this key.
*/
const_iterator find(Key j) const { return values_.find(j); }
/// overload operator << to print to stringstream
GTSAM_EXPORT friend std::ostream& operator<<(std::ostream&, const VectorValues&);
/** print required by Testable for unit testing */
void print(const std::string& str = "VectorValues",
const KeyFormatter& formatter = DefaultKeyFormatter) const;
/** equals required by Testable for unit testing */
bool equals(const VectorValues& x, double tol = 1e-9) const;
/// @{
/// @name Advanced Interface
/// @{
/** Retrieve the entire solution as a single vector */
Vector vector() const;
/** Access a vector that is a subset of relevant keys. */
template <typename CONTAINER>
Vector vector(const CONTAINER& keys) const {
DenseIndex totalDim = 0;
FastVector<const Vector*> items;
items.reserve(keys.end() - keys.begin());
for (Key key : keys) {
const Vector* v = &at(key);
totalDim += v->size();
items.push_back(v);
}
Vector result(totalDim);
DenseIndex pos = 0;
for (const Vector* v : items) {
result.segment(pos, v->size()) = *v;
pos += v->size();
}
return result;
}
/** Access a vector that is a subset of relevant keys, dims version. */
Vector vector(const Dims& dims) const;
/** Swap the data in this VectorValues with another. */
void swap(VectorValues& other);
/** Check if this VectorValues has the same structure (keys and dimensions) as another */
bool hasSameStructure(const VectorValues other) const;
/// @}
/// @name Linear algebra operations
/// @{
/** Dot product with another VectorValues, interpreting both as vectors of
* their concatenated values. Both VectorValues must have the
* same structure (checked when NDEBUG is not defined). */
double dot(const VectorValues& v) const;
/** Vector L2 norm */
double norm() const;
/** Squared vector L2 norm */
double squaredNorm() const;
/** Element-wise addition, synonym for add(). Both VectorValues must have the same structure
* (checked when NDEBUG is not defined). */
VectorValues operator+(const VectorValues& c) const;
/** Element-wise addition, synonym for operator+(). Both VectorValues must have the same
* structure (checked when NDEBUG is not defined). */
VectorValues add(const VectorValues& c) const;
/** Element-wise addition in-place, synonym for operator+=(). Both VectorValues must have the
* same structure (checked when NDEBUG is not defined). */
VectorValues& operator+=(const VectorValues& c);
/** Element-wise addition in-place, synonym for operator+=(). Both VectorValues must have the
* same structure (checked when NDEBUG is not defined). */
VectorValues& addInPlace(const VectorValues& c);
/** Element-wise addition in-place, but allows for empty slots in *this. Slower */
VectorValues& addInPlace_(const VectorValues& c);
/** Element-wise subtraction, synonym for subtract(). Both VectorValues must have the same
* structure (checked when NDEBUG is not defined). */
VectorValues operator-(const VectorValues& c) const;
/** Element-wise subtraction, synonym for operator-(). Both VectorValues must have the same
* structure (checked when NDEBUG is not defined). */
VectorValues subtract(const VectorValues& c) const;
/** Element-wise scaling by a constant. */
friend GTSAM_EXPORT VectorValues operator*(const double a, const VectorValues &v);
/** Element-wise scaling by a constant. */
VectorValues scale(const double a) const;
/** Element-wise scaling by a constant in-place. */
VectorValues& operator*=(double alpha);
/** Element-wise scaling by a constant in-place. */
VectorValues& scaleInPlace(double alpha);
/// @}
/// @name Wrapper support
/// @{
/**
* @brief Output as a html table.
*
* @param keyFormatter function that formats keys.
*/
std::string html(
const KeyFormatter& keyFormatter = DefaultKeyFormatter) const;
/// @}
private:
#if GTSAM_ENABLE_BOOST_SERIALIZATION
/** Serialization function */
friend class boost::serialization::access;
template<class ARCHIVE>
void serialize(ARCHIVE & ar, const unsigned int /*version*/) {
ar & BOOST_SERIALIZATION_NVP(values_);
}
#endif
}; // VectorValues definition
/// traits
template<>
struct traits<VectorValues> : public Testable<VectorValues> {
};
} // \namespace gtsam