gtsam/python/gtsam/tests/test_DiscreteFactorGraph.py

279 lines
9.3 KiB
Python

"""
GTSAM Copyright 2010-2019, Georgia Tech Research Corporation,
Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0415
All Rights Reserved
See LICENSE for the license information
Unit tests for Discrete Factor Graphs.
Author: Frank Dellaert
"""
# pylint: disable=no-name-in-module, invalid-name
import unittest
import numpy as np
from gtsam import DecisionTreeFactor, DiscreteConditional, DiscreteFactorGraph, DiscreteKeys, DiscreteValues, Ordering, Symbol
from gtsam.utils.test_case import GtsamTestCase
OrderingType = Ordering.OrderingType
class TestDiscreteFactorGraph(GtsamTestCase):
"""Tests for Discrete Factor Graphs."""
def test_evaluation(self):
"""Test constructing and evaluating a discrete factor graph."""
# Three keys
P1 = (0, 2)
P2 = (1, 2)
P3 = (2, 3)
# Create the DiscreteFactorGraph
graph = DiscreteFactorGraph()
# Add two unary factors (priors)
graph.add(P1, [0.9, 0.3])
graph.add(P2, "0.9 0.6")
# Add a binary factor
graph.add([P1, P2], "4 1 10 4")
# Instantiate Values
assignment = DiscreteValues()
assignment[0] = 1
assignment[1] = 1
# Check if graph evaluation works ( 0.3*0.6*4 )
self.assertAlmostEqual(.72, graph(assignment))
# Create a new test with third node and adding unary and ternary factor
graph.add(P3, "0.9 0.2 0.5")
keys = DiscreteKeys()
keys.push_back(P1)
keys.push_back(P2)
keys.push_back(P3)
graph.add(keys, "1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12")
# Below assignment selects the 8th index in the ternary factor table
assignment[0] = 1
assignment[1] = 0
assignment[2] = 1
# Check if graph evaluation works (0.3*0.9*1*0.2*8)
self.assertAlmostEqual(4.32, graph(assignment))
# Below assignment selects the 3rd index in the ternary factor table
assignment[0] = 0
assignment[1] = 1
assignment[2] = 0
# Check if graph evaluation works (0.9*0.6*1*0.9*4)
self.assertAlmostEqual(1.944, graph(assignment))
# Check if graph product works
product = graph.product()
self.assertAlmostEqual(1.944, product(assignment))
def test_optimize(self):
"""Test constructing and optizing a discrete factor graph."""
# Three keys
C = (0, 2)
B = (1, 2)
A = (2, 2)
# A simple factor graph (A)-fAC-(C)-fBC-(B)
# with smoothness priors
graph = DiscreteFactorGraph()
graph.add([A, C], "3 1 1 3")
graph.add([C, B], "3 1 1 3")
# Test optimization
expectedValues = DiscreteValues()
expectedValues[0] = 0
expectedValues[1] = 0
expectedValues[2] = 0
actualValues = graph.optimize()
self.assertEqual(list(actualValues.items()),
list(expectedValues.items()))
def test_MPE(self):
"""Test maximum probable explanation (MPE): same as optimize."""
# Declare a bunch of keys
C, A, B = (0, 2), (1, 2), (2, 2)
# Create Factor graph
graph = DiscreteFactorGraph()
graph.add([C, A], "0.2 0.8 0.3 0.7")
graph.add([C, B], "0.1 0.9 0.4 0.6")
# We know MPE
mpe = DiscreteValues()
mpe[0] = 0
mpe[1] = 1
mpe[2] = 1
# Use maxProduct
dag = graph.maxProduct(OrderingType.COLAMD)
actualMPE = dag.argmax()
self.assertEqual(list(actualMPE.items()),
list(mpe.items()))
# All in one
actualMPE2 = graph.optimize()
self.assertEqual(list(actualMPE2.items()),
list(mpe.items()))
def test_sumProduct(self):
"""Test sumProduct."""
# Declare a bunch of keys
C, A, B = (0, 2), (1, 2), (2, 2)
# Create Factor graph
graph = DiscreteFactorGraph()
graph.add([C, A], "0.2 0.8 0.3 0.7")
graph.add([C, B], "0.1 0.9 0.4 0.6")
# We know MPE
mpe = DiscreteValues()
mpe[0] = 0
mpe[1] = 1
mpe[2] = 1
# Use default sumProduct
bayesNet = graph.sumProduct()
mpeProbability = bayesNet(mpe)
self.assertAlmostEqual(mpeProbability, 0.36) # regression
# Use sumProduct
for ordering_type in [OrderingType.COLAMD, OrderingType.METIS, OrderingType.NATURAL,
OrderingType.CUSTOM]:
bayesNet = graph.sumProduct(ordering_type)
self.assertEqual(bayesNet(mpe), mpeProbability)
def test_MPE_chain(self):
"""
Test for numerical underflow in EliminateMPE on long chains.
Adapted from the toy problem of @pcl15423
Ref: https://github.com/borglab/gtsam/issues/1448
"""
num_states = 3
num_obs = 200
desired_state = 1
states = list(range(num_states))
# Helper function to mimic the behavior of gtbook.Variables discrete_series function
def make_key(character, index, cardinality):
symbol = Symbol(character, index)
key = symbol.key()
return (key, cardinality)
X = {index: make_key("X", index, len(states)) for index in range(num_obs)}
Z = {index: make_key("Z", index, num_obs + 1) for index in range(num_obs)}
graph = DiscreteFactorGraph()
# Mostly identity transition matrix
transitions = np.eye(num_states)
# Needed otherwise mpe is always state 0?
transitions += 0.1/(num_states)
transition_cpt = []
for i in range(0, num_states):
transition_row = "/".join([str(x) for x in transitions[i]])
transition_cpt.append(transition_row)
transition_cpt = " ".join(transition_cpt)
for i in reversed(range(1, num_obs)):
transition_conditional = DiscreteConditional(X[i], [X[i-1]], transition_cpt)
graph.push_back(transition_conditional)
# Contrived example such that the desired state gives measurements [0, num_obs) with equal probability
# but all other states always give measurement num_obs
obs = np.zeros((num_states, num_obs+1))
obs[:,-1] = 1
obs[desired_state,0: -1] = 1
obs[desired_state,-1] = 0
obs_cpt_list = []
for i in range(0, num_states):
obs_row = "/".join([str(z) for z in obs[i]])
obs_cpt_list.append(obs_row)
obs_cpt = " ".join(obs_cpt_list)
# Contrived example where each measurement is its own index
for i in range(0, num_obs):
obs_conditional = DiscreteConditional(Z[i], [X[i]], obs_cpt)
factor = obs_conditional.likelihood(i)
graph.push_back(factor)
mpe = graph.optimize()
vals = [mpe[X[i][0]] for i in range(num_obs)]
self.assertEqual(vals, [desired_state]*num_obs)
def test_sumProduct_chain(self):
"""
Test for numerical underflow in EliminateDiscrete on long chains.
Adapted from the toy problem of @pcl15423
Ref: https://github.com/borglab/gtsam/issues/1448
"""
num_states = 3
chain_length = 400
desired_state = 1
states = list(range(num_states))
# Helper function to mimic the behavior of gtbook.Variables discrete_series function
def make_key(character, index, cardinality):
symbol = Symbol(character, index)
key = symbol.key()
return (key, cardinality)
X = {index: make_key("X", index, len(states)) for index in range(chain_length)}
graph = DiscreteFactorGraph()
# Construct test transition matrix
transitions = np.diag([1.0, 0.5, 0.1])
transitions += 0.1/(num_states)
# Ensure that the transition matrix is Markov (columns sum to 1)
transitions /= np.sum(transitions, axis=0)
# The stationary distribution is the eigenvector corresponding to eigenvalue 1
eigvals, eigvecs = np.linalg.eig(transitions)
stationary_idx = np.where(np.isclose(eigvals, 1.0))
stationary_dist = eigvecs[:, stationary_idx]
# Ensure that the stationary distribution is positive and normalized
stationary_dist /= np.sum(stationary_dist)
expected = DecisionTreeFactor(X[chain_length-1], stationary_dist.flatten())
# The transition matrix parsed by DiscreteConditional is a row-wise CPT
transitions = transitions.T
transition_cpt = []
for i in range(0, num_states):
transition_row = "/".join([str(x) for x in transitions[i]])
transition_cpt.append(transition_row)
transition_cpt = " ".join(transition_cpt)
for i in reversed(range(1, chain_length)):
transition_conditional = DiscreteConditional(X[i], [X[i-1]], transition_cpt)
graph.push_back(transition_conditional)
# Run sum product using natural ordering so the resulting Bayes net has the form:
# X_0 <- X_1 <- ... <- X_n
sum_product = graph.sumProduct(OrderingType.NATURAL)
# Get the DiscreteConditional representing the marginal on the last factor
last_marginal = sum_product.at(chain_length - 1)
# Ensure marginal probabilities are close to the stationary distribution
self.gtsamAssertEquals(expected, last_marginal)
if __name__ == "__main__":
unittest.main()